Antioxidants Protect Tilapia From The Toxin Mycotoxin

A new study published in the journal Sciencedirect has\r\nexplored the use of quercetin, rutin and polyphenol antioxidants in tea to\r\nprevent food contaminated with T-2 mycotoxin (Mycotoxin) in tilapia.

In recent years, in the field of aquatic feed production,\r\nthe trend of replacing animal protein sources with vegetable proteins has led\r\nto a higher risk of toxin contamination. In particular, in hot and humid\r\nclimates, such as Southeast Asia, mycotoxin contamination is more common. 

Mycotoxins are toxic chemical compounds generated by molds\r\nincluding Aflatoxin, Ochratoxin A, Trichothecenes (DON; T-2; toxin),\r\nZearalenone, Fumonisin and Moniliformin. Mold can be spread from grains and\r\noilseeds, during planting, harvesting, processing and storage. During the\r\ntime of manufacture and use of food, if the temperature and humidity are\r\nfavorable, mold will grow and produce toxins. Each population of mushrooms\r\ngrowing under different conditions will produce many types of toxins.

Unlike terrestrial animals, aquatic species do not have\r\nobvious clinical manifestations of mycotoxin contamination, so the topic of\r\nmycotoxin influences is often not covered in aquaculture discussions.\r\naquaculture. Mycotoxin is one of the factors that will affect growth\r\nperformance, feed efficiency and disease resistance, causing economic losses to\r\nfarmers.

Poisoning mycotoxins from plant-based foods will adversely\r\naffect the growth and health of tilapia (Oreochromis\r\nniloticus). Therefore, the study of Deng et al. Was conducted to find\r\nnatural biological agents that can protect against these toxins.

The diet containing quercetin, rutin and polyphenol\r\nantioxidants in tea has been studied for the effects of antioxidants on growth,\r\nantioxidant reactions, pathological changes and T-2 residues. in tilapia. 

Research on feeding

In feeding trials, five groups of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) were exposed to\r\nincreasing T-2 dose and supplementing with antioxidants (control, T-2, T-2 +\r\nquercetin, T-2 +). rutin, T-2 + tea polyphenols) for 20 days to evaluate the\r\nantioxidant's effect on growth, antioxidant enzyme activity, histopathology and\r\nresidues in liver and muscle .

Result

The results indicated that exposure to  increased\r\nT-2 dose significantly decreased survival, decreased growth, decreased liver\r\nindices, decreased liver and muscle cell damage, and increased T- 2 in the\r\nliver and muscle.

Dietary supplementation with antioxidants effectively\r\nreduces liver and muscle damage. In summary, tea quercetin, rutin and\r\npolyphenols significantly reduced liver and muscle damage in tilapia.

Supplementing with rutin tilapia diets showed improved\r\ngrowth, increased antioxidant and significantly reduced liver and muscle\r\ndamage. Therefore, the addition of antioxidants to the diet of fish is\r\nnecessary to stimulate immunity against morbidity and mortality associated with\r\nmycotoxins in fish.

T-2 toxin causes adverse effects on tilapia and disturbs the\r\nantioxidant system in plasma and liver causing hepatitis and liver\r\ntoxicity. 

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The addition of antioxidants in the diet has proven\r\neffective in protecting farmed fish against mycotoxins and by improving liver\r\nand muscle damage. In addition, the addition of tea polyphenols to fish\r\nfood helps increase antioxidant and reduce the negative effects of T-2\r\ntoxicity. Therefore, this supplement can be used as a strategy to reduce\r\nT-2-related toxicity in fish. 

Source : tepbac.com